Cannabis is well known for its effect on appetite. When you use cannabis, you may experience an increased feeling of hunger, often referred to as the ‘munchies.’

But why does cannabis trigger appetite? What is the relationship between THC and hunger? And what about CBD? Discover how cannabis affects the brain and body and learn everything about the connection between cannabis and appetite.

How Does Cannabis Affect the Brain?

To understand how cannabis influences appetite, we need to look at the different ways the active compounds in cannabis, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in our bodies. This complex system plays a key role in regulating various physiological processes, including mood, pain perception, memory, and appetite.

THC, the psychoactive compound in cannabis, binds to cannabinoid receptors in the brain, particularly CB1 receptors. These receptors are found in the hypothalamus, a brain region involved in regulating hunger and satiety—the signals that tell you when you are full. By activating these receptors, THC can stimulate the release of hunger-inducing hormones while simultaneously suppressing satiety signals. This means that even if your body doesn’t actually need nutrients, THC can still send signals to your brain that make you feel hungry.

Additionally, research shows that THC also increases dopamine release, leading to an enhanced reward response when eating food. This explains why many users develop specific cravings for tasty and often calorie-dense snacks such as chips, chocolate, and fast food.

Cannabis and appetite and the Role of Ghrelin: The ‘Hunger Hormone’

One of the key mechanisms behind cannabis-induced appetite stimulation is the activation of the hormone ghrelin. Ghrelin is produced in the stomach and is known as the ‘hunger hormone’ because it signals the brain when it is time to eat. Studies have shown that cannabis use leads to an increased release of ghrelin, which intensifies the urge to eat.

Research has demonstrated that when CB1 receptors are activated by THC, ghrelin production increases. This results in an elevated appetite, even when the user has recently eaten. This explains why cannabis users often crave snacks and calorie-rich foods.

Even more interestingly, THC not only boosts ghrelin levels but also influences how the brain responds to this hormone. This means that hunger may feel more intense than usual, contributing to the urge to consume larger quantities of food.

Cannabis and Sensory Perception of Smell and Taste

Beyond stimulating hunger hormones, cannabis also affects how we perceive smell and taste. Research has shown that THC increases activity in the olfactory bulb, the part of the brain responsible for smell perception. This makes food smell more appealing and therefore seem more delicious, which can contribute to the desire to eat more.

A study on mice found that exposure to THC led to heightened sensitivity to smells and tastes, resulting in increased food consumption. This effect is similar in humans: users often report that flavors become more intense and textures feel more enjoyable.

This phenomenon is further supported by research into the interaction between THC and the brain’s reward system. THC boosts dopamine release, enhancing the pleasurable sensation of eating. This can make people more attracted to food they might not normally consume in large amounts.

Possible Considerations

While cannabis can enhance feelings of hunger, this doesn’t mean you have to make unhealthy choices. Being mindful of your diet while using cannabis can help manage and control the ‘munchies.’

  1. Make Healthy Choices in Advance
    If you know you’ll feel hungry after using cannabis, keep healthy snacks within reach. Opt for fruits, nuts, yogurt, or whole-grain crackers instead of chips and sweets.
  2. Stay Hydrated
    Sometimes thirst can be mistaken for hunger. Ensure you drink enough water to prevent unnecessary snacking.
  3. Practice Mindful Eating and Portion Control
    It’s easy to overeat when under the influence of cannabis. Try pre-measuring portions and eat slowly to avoid mindless consumption.
  4. Choose Cannabis Strains with Lower THC Levels
    Some cannabis strains have a higher percentage of cannabidiol (CBD), which stimulates appetite less than THC. If you want to limit the munchies, consider experimenting with CBD-rich strains.

Want to Learn More About the Munchies?

Science confirms that cannabis has a strong influence on appetite, primarily by stimulating ghrelin production and enhancing smell and taste perception. This explains why cannabis users often crave food, especially calorie-dense snacks.

THC activates the endocannabinoid system and affects various mechanisms involved in hunger and satiety. It increases ghrelin release, enhances sensitivity to smells and tastes, and stimulates dopamine production, making food consumption more appealing.

While this effect may be a fun side effect for recreational users, it’s important to be mindful of dietary choices when using cannabis. Want to learn more about the interaction between cannabis and your body? Read more on our blog.